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The Subjunctive in the Chanson de Roland by Frank Emil Lodeman, 1892

The Subjunctive in the Chanson de Roland by Frank Emil Lodeman, 1892, Page 25

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Impersonal verbs, expressing a certainty or a probability, are, when affirmative, followed by subject clauses that require the verb in the indicative. The subject clause has the verb in the subjunctive, when the principal clause is either negative, interrogative, or conditional. in either case the clause is introduced by que. The few examples of such verbs in the Chanson de Roland show no departure from the modern usage. Est vis, 659. Est jugiet, 884. Sours est, 549. These expressions are used affirmatively and so properly take the indicative after them. Examples. 659. Guenes respunt: "Mei est vis que trop targe." 884. Il est jugiet que nus les ocirum.
 
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