DIY History | Transcribe | Scholarship at Iowa | A brief description of nine species of Hepaticae found in the vicinity of Iowa City by Mary F. Linder, 1886 | A brief description of nine species of Hepaticae found in the vicinity of Iowa City by Mary F. Linder, 1886, Page 45

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A brief description of nine species of Hepaticae found in the vicinity of Iowa City by Mary F. Linder, 1886

A brief description of nine species of Hepaticae found in the vicinity of Iowa City by Mary F. Linder, 1886, Page 45

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[page]43.[/page] ripe, have a dark brown color. Each sporogonium is enclosed by a persistant [persistent?], pyriform, two to four lobed calyptra, which is suspended from the apex of the peduncle and is coherent with the inner surface of the carpocephalum. The capsules open by five to eight revolute lobes or segments, and with their short thick stems are early deciduous. The spores are sub-circular in outline, have a yellowish brown color, and their surface roughened. The elaters are short and thick, bi to trispiral. The spiral bands are due to unequal growth in the thickness of the cell wall. This species produces no gemmae, and increases by joints from the apices of the fronds.