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Variation of Birds in a State of Nature by Frank Russell, 1892

Variation of Birds in a State of Nature by Frank Russell, 1892, Page 15

Frigata aquila (L).
The number of skins available for study was not large, but the species was taken as a type of birds totally different from the other four species studied. Twenty five specimens are not enough to furnish satisfactory proof of individual variations but they will show the independent variations of parts.
The Frigates are gregarious, non-migratory, pelagic birds, widely distributed throughout the tropical region. The specimens described here were taken from Corpus Christie Pass. Shell Banks, etc. Texas during the summer of 1885.
The plumage is plain and unvariable, the sexes differing only in the color of breast.
Twenty one are females, four are males.

[Table] [illegible] No. Leng. No. Aver. Var. %
Length. 35.  6.♂ 43.5 9♀ 39.25 8.5 20* 
Extent. 80  14♂ 91. 9♀ 85.5 11. 12*
Wing. 20 25♀ 26.4 10♀ 23.35 6.4 28* 
Tail. 13.4 9♀ 20. 20♀ 16.85 6.3 38*
M.Toe. 7.2 -- 23. -- 1.75 1.1 60*
H. Toe .65 -- .8 -- .425 .45 20*
L. Cul. 4. -- 4.9 -- 4.45 .9 20*
W. Cul. 1. -- 1.3 -- 1.15 .3 26*

The third series of diagrams show a tendency toward the left of the median line or a decrease in size on the part of length, width of culmen and length of hind toe, length of culmen unvaried, The wing, tail, and middle tor show a decided tendency to

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Frigata aquila (L). The number of skins available for study was not large, but the species was taken as a type of birds totally different from the other four species studied. Twenty five specimens are not enough to furnish satisfactory proof of individual variations but they will show the independent variations of parts. The Frigates are gregarious, non-migratory, pelagic birds, widely distributed throughout the tropical region. The specimens described here were taken from Corpus Christie Pass. Shell Banks, etc. Texas during the summer of 1885. The plumage is plain and unvariable, the sexes differing only in the color of breast. Twenty one are females, four are males. [Table] [illegible] No. Leng. No. Aver. Var. % Length. 35. 6.♂ 43.5 9♀ 39.25 8.5 20* Extent. 80 14♂ 91. 9♀ 85.5 11. 12* Wing. 20 25♀ 26.4 10♀ 23.35 6.4 28* Tail. 13.4 9♀ 20. 20♀ 16.85 6.3 38* M.Toe. 7.2 -- 23. -- 1.75 1.1 60* H. Toe .65 -- .8 -- .425 .45 20* L. Cul. 4. -- 4.9 -- 4.45 .9 20* W. Cul. 1. -- 1.3 -- 1.15 .3 26* The third series of diagrams show a tendency toward the left of the median line or a decrease in size on the part of length, width of culmen and length of hind toe, length of culmen unvaried, The wing, tail, and middle tor show a decided tendency to