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Coal Measures and Coal Mining in Iowa, including paleontology and a discussion on the coal formation; also the methods of mining by Russell T. Hartman, 1898

Coal Measures and Coal Mining in Iowa by Russell T. Hartman, 1898, Page 41

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[page]40[/page] nospermous" or naked seeded plants and all or nearly all conifers. Usually the plant structure is not well preserved in the coal; but specimens of leaves are found in good conditions, thoroughly carbonized, in the clays both underlying and overlying the coal. Leaves are also often found as the nuclei about which clay-ironstone-concretions have been formed. And in the coal measure sandstones the stems and fruits of trees have been so perfectly preserved that, by the aid of the microscope their cellular structure may be studied.
 
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