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Coal Measures and Coal Mining in Iowa, including paleontology and a discussion on the coal formation; also the methods of mining by Russell T. Hartman, 1898

Coal Measures and Coal Mining in Iowa by Russell T. Hartman, 1898, Page 60

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[page]59.[/page] unknown. Mouth surrounded apparently by a membrane which is covered by numerous minute plates. Jaws strong. Primary spines large, cylindrical, compressed, or angular, generally armed with small oblique, lateral, spine-like projections. Surface variously ornamented by granules and fine striae. DIVISION B. PELMATOZOA. (Crinoids, Cystoids, and Blastoids.) [underlined][underlined][underlined][underlined]CRINOIDEA.[/underlined][/underlined][/underlined][/underlined] This class includes those Echinodermata which, during a part or all of their lives, have the body fixed by means of a jointed flexible stalk which is attached to the ab-oral surface of the body. The body or calyx or calyx is cup-shaped, discoidal, or sub-spherical,
 
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