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Coal Measures and Coal Mining in Iowa, including paleontology and a discussion on the coal formation; also the methods of mining by Russell T. Hartman, 1898

Coal Measures and Coal Mining in Iowa by Russell T. Hartman, 1898, Page 82

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[page]81.[/page] hinge area well-defined, nearly parallel to the plane of the margins of the valve, foramen well defined but almost entirely closed by cardinal process of other valve. Hinge teeth well developed; interior of valve exhibiting granules which are most prominent anteriorly an dlaterally. Surface of both valves marked by fine radiating striae and by lines of growth. The cardinal margin of the ventral valve is provided with several short spines which point obliquely backward and outward. Geol. Pos. and Loc. Missouri stage of Upper Carboniferous in southwestern Iowa, in Nebraska, Kansas, and in Missouri. Reference,-- Final Rept. U.S. Geol. Sur. Nebraska
 
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