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Coal Measures and Coal Mining in Iowa, including paleontology and a discussion on the coal formation; also the methods of mining by Russell T. Hartman, 1898

Coal Measures and Coal Mining in Iowa by Russell T. Hartman, 1898, Page 186

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[page]186.[/page] tracks will run down grade to the shaft and gravitation will play a great part in moving the loaded cars to the shaft. Again, the shaft should be so located for drainage purposes. There is always water encountered in coal mining. Now this water must be handled in [inserted]as[/inserted] economical way as possible. Of course it must be pumped from teh mine; but if the mining is begun at the lowest part of the coal bed the drainage will all be to that part, and the water will not hinder the work and expensive piping and putting in extra pumps is avoided. The water being thus collected at the bottom of the shaft may be pumped out most economically. Suppose, however, a bed of
 
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