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Burlington Self-Survey on Human Relations: Final report, 1950
Page 3
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3. from 10 to 20 years, the loss of Negro population shown in the census figures for 1930-40. (See table V for a more detailed breakdown of residence status.) It is significant that, although having a rather old residence status in the city, the last twenty years of experience of the families of this group have been of an uncertain character. This is indicated by a 29% decline in numbers during the 1930-40 period, a slight recovery between 1940 and 1950 under the influence of war industrial expansion, and a net loss of 20% in the number of Negro residents within a generation. These changes seem clearly related to economic opportunities in the city, as suggested by the pattern of heavy out-migration of Negroes and foreign-born white during the 1930-40 period, and the partial re-coupment of Negroes during the war years. Characteristics of the Negro Family The source of Negro residents and their educational and economic characteristics provide further important indices of level of adjustment and opportunity. The heads of families are usually the principal wage earners and providers for the family, and their characteristics give a significant index of general family status. Figure 2 presents graphically a summary of some of the major factors, as revealed by the interview coverage of Negro families. The following observations are especially important. 1. The present Negro family of Burlington is predominantly northern in source. One out of every three heads of families was born within the state of Iowa and approximately two outof every three were born either in Iowa or the midwest. In addition six out of every ten heads had never lived previously in any area
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3. from 10 to 20 years, the loss of Negro population shown in the census figures for 1930-40. (See table V for a more detailed breakdown of residence status.) It is significant that, although having a rather old residence status in the city, the last twenty years of experience of the families of this group have been of an uncertain character. This is indicated by a 29% decline in numbers during the 1930-40 period, a slight recovery between 1940 and 1950 under the influence of war industrial expansion, and a net loss of 20% in the number of Negro residents within a generation. These changes seem clearly related to economic opportunities in the city, as suggested by the pattern of heavy out-migration of Negroes and foreign-born white during the 1930-40 period, and the partial re-coupment of Negroes during the war years. Characteristics of the Negro Family The source of Negro residents and their educational and economic characteristics provide further important indices of level of adjustment and opportunity. The heads of families are usually the principal wage earners and providers for the family, and their characteristics give a significant index of general family status. Figure 2 presents graphically a summary of some of the major factors, as revealed by the interview coverage of Negro families. The following observations are especially important. 1. The present Negro family of Burlington is predominantly northern in source. One out of every three heads of families was born within the state of Iowa and approximately two outof every three were born either in Iowa or the midwest. In addition six out of every ten heads had never lived previously in any area
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