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Campus "Unrest" demonstrations and consequences, 1970-1971

1970-05-24 Akron Beacon Journal Article: Kent State: The Search For Understanding Page 8

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A 24 Akron Beacon Journal, Sunday, May 24, 1970 SPECIAL KENT STATE SECTION Not Ashamed Of What Happened -- Guardsman Continued From A-23 personal friend of Akron's police chief, Harry Whiddon. The chief's aid, Frank E. Mianowski, witnessed the statement. Both Whiddon and Mianowski are close friends and golfing companions of Ohio National Guard Adj Gen. Sylvester T. Del Corso and his top aide, Gen. Canterbury. Dr. Robert J. Sillary, a Detroit forensic pathologist and authority on gunshot wounds, pointedly disagreed. "It is entirely possible for an M-1 bullet to cause a clean through and through wound without extensive damage," he said. Dr. Joseph Davis, Dad County Medical examiner in Miami, Fla., suggested the bullet that struck MacKenzie may have passed through another person first. He too, disagreed with Dr. Ewing's interpretation. Jim Russell wore his army fatigue shirt to the rally, the kind available at any Army surplus store. In nearby Ravenna, Edward Katz frequently sold students Maltese crosses from his surplus store, and afterwards people would accuse him of selling gas masks to "revolutionists" "I haven't carried gas masks in five years," said Katz. "But roughly three days before the Kent trouble, a real weirdo type came in here and asked for one." Russell a senior from Pittsburgh, who lived in the Tau Kappa Epsilon fraternity house, suffered a bullet wound that failed to knock him down. "It felt like somebody hitting me in the head and leg with a hammer." A shot grazed his right knee, slicing a strip in his blue bell bottoms. Something else hit him above the right temple, leaving a 'I haven't carried gas masks in 5 years' peanut sized lump "The doctor tells me from the X-rays that it may be a buck shot or bird shot." It is yet to be removed. A sergeant from A Company 145th Infantry, had fired ne blast from a shotgun, a Guard officer later told reporters. Dean Kahler, a 20 year old freshman from East Canton, fell to the cleated earth of the football practice field from a bullet which whistled through the evergreen trees on the southeast slope of "Blanket Hill" a hill named in the long ago of strict hours for co-eds and necking on a Saturday night. Kahler is yet to detail what happened. A bullet apparently traversed from shoulder to abdomen as he flung himself to the ground. It nicked his spine and left him paralyzed from the waist down. For days to come he would lie in intensive care unit, his condition described as "guarded". John Cleary, a 19 year old freshman from Scotia, N.Y., made the cover of life Magazine May 15, 1970, his mouth agape, two bearded students administering to a gunshot in the upper right abdomen. Denny Herman, a brawny 19 year old from Kent, his glossy black hair bouncing over the T-shirt, leaned over Cleary and pressed "my tear gas rag against the wound. It was a hole about the size of a fifty cent piece. " When hit, Cleary stood 113 feet fro the pagoda, just next to the 15 foot high abstract sculpture by Don Drumm, a work of art financed by the National Defense Education Act. A .30 caliber slug pierced its three eights of an inch steel. Another bullet drilled through a foot thick elm and sped on. Herman leaped to his feet at the stricken body of Cleary. "Look what you did !" he cried, gesturing frantically toward the Guard. "I wanted help. I didn't care who shot him. They were there I wanted them down there. " On the sidewalk leading into Taylor Hall, only 6 feet from the Guardsmen, Joe Lewis stood in moccasins with arm in the air at the instant of gunfire. "He was giving them the finger," said Marvin Holsey, a sociology instructor. "I saw the dirt kick up in front of Lewis, then suddenly he fell backward," Holsey said Lewis, 18 a freshman from Massillon, who didn't date much and couldn't grow sideburns, screamed as he fell with a wound to his left hip. "He yelled, 'Oh my God, they shot me !'" Ellen Mann, a high school senior recalled. KSU High would later suspend her for seven days for being there. "I grabbed his hand and held him. He kept trying to sit up to see where he was shot. " For days to come, FBI agents would try to retrieve spent bullets from windshield shattered cars in the R-5B faculty parking lot and collect cartridges found on campus. Nearly a mile from the site, in the quietness of the Silver Oak Apartments, a bullet crashed into the second floor bed room window of Mr. and Mrs. Danny Thompson. It tore through walls, nicked the mirror of the medicine cabinet in the bathroom, and rolled intact into the living room after scraping a kitchen wall. The trajectory was downward out of the sky. Somewhat closer, 570 yards from the knoll of the hill, a bullet broke a sixth floor window of Leebrick Hall, a 12 story co-ed dorm, and fragmented on the wall of a lounge. A nun from Detroit, a graduate student at KSU, Sister 'Oh my God, they shot me' Maris MacDonald, said it hit "60 to 90" seconds after the Guardsmen stopped firing. She wrote a letter to the National Guard. Two cleaning ladies, Rose Grund and Betty Greenland said they thought the bullet struck before the sound of the heavy volley. They did not write a letter, From the sixth floor, where the bullet hit, the line of sight to the pagoda is perfect - straight and unhindered. Another shot shattered a first floor corner window of Prentice Hall, 529 feet from the Pagoda,. Still another chipped its yellow brick. During the height of the disorder, moments after Capt, Ron Snyder caught "a guy ringing this bell to hell and flailed him a couple of times with a big stick," Sgt. Mike Delaney took a .38 caliber pistol from a student. This was the only non military weapon confiscated during the hours of Monday afternoon, Gen. Canterbury would later declare. "I took the pistol from Terry Norman," Sgt Delaney said, "I'd issued press credentials to him earlier. A campus policeman told me Norman would be taking pictures for the FBI." The FBI said Norman was not working for them. "They tried to kill me! They tried to kill me!" an NBC sound camera heard Norman cry about 15 minutes after the shooting. Film showed a man clutching a briefcase chasing him, yelling, "Stop that man ! He has a gun! He fired four shots !" Norman, 22, who for three years had taken identification photographs of campus activists for campus police, denied firing. Tom Kelley, a campus detective, said he examined the gun "It was fully loaded, It had not been fired." After the shooting, six plainclothes campus detectives under the direction of Highway Patrol Capt. Chester Hayth spent six days ransacking every room in Kent State's 31 dormitories in search of weapons. County prosecutor Ronald J. Kane displayed the findings, drawn from the possessions of 7.500 students, at a much publicized news conference. They included two typical hunting weapons, a .22 caliber rifle and a shotgun; about 60 knives; three slingshots and several BB guns. The police who had no search warrant, also confiscated several hashish pipes, six growing marijuana plants and a yellow button saying, "Dare to Struggle, Dare to Win." After the long straggling line of troops descended the 149 feet to the western base of "Blanket Hill" "nobody talked about it," said Mike Chizmadia, a Guardsman from Orrville. "Some threw down their weapons, and started to bawl," said Pfc, Richard A. Parker, a Wooster policeman. He had been an "innocent bystander" standing at corner of John Hall when the firing began, "Wow! I ran, too, Everybody did," he said. In the days to follow, most Guardsmen were extremely reluctant to discuss publicly the shooting. Again and again they adamantly refused. Some said the feared they would be activated and sent to Vietnam if they talked about what happened. "If I talk, I could be reduced in rank and get a general court martial," said Mike Chizmadia. "I've got a wife and family," One Guardsman - a machinist, married, 23, succinct straightforward, calm - consented to sit down for 90 minutes in a back booth in the dinette on S. Main in Akron and answered questions. He wouldn't give his name. Q- What made you suddenly turn to face the kids? A- " It wasn't sudden. There was no order to turn. The kids were that way and we just didn't want to put our backs on them." Q- Did you feel trapped or cornered? A- "Not on the top of the hill. I felt trapped in the gully, the football field." Q- What about that first shot? A- " It seemed to come from closer but it was hard to tell because of the noise. I just remember thinking when I heard it first that it was us shooting. I just didn't think about snipers." Q- Hoe long were you up there before the shooting started? A- "I don't know. I heard the first shot. I had my rifle at my shoulder - not sighting - just my shoulder. I had my finger on the trigger and fired when the others did . I just didn't think about it. It just happened. How can you think at a time like that ? Right after that first shot - only a couple of seconds - it sounded like everyone squeezed off one round - like at the range, drawn out. " I fired once. Just closed my eyes and shot," the soldier blinked in illustration "I didn't aim at anyone in particular. I just shot at shoulder level toward the crowd. Q- Did you shoot to save your life? A- "No,. I didn't feel that. Because like it was an automatic thing. Everybody shot, so I shot. I didn't think about it. I just fired." "Two rounds were missing from my clip but I only remember firing one. Maybe I fired two. I don't think so. I might have racked a round out back up on the hill. But I don't remember that either. " A bunch of our people were yelling to cease fire, even after the shooting stopped, like they were afraid someone 'Just closed my eyes and shot' would start shooting again. I heard someone yell "For Christ sakes! Stop shooting!" Q- Did you feel threatened? A - "No. I didn't think they'd try to take our rifles, not while we could use the bayonets and butts. "I'm not ashamed of what happened. I'm sorry for the dead kids and their families, but I'm not ashamed. Some of the guys got lawyers already. "The guys have been saying that we got to get together and stick to the same story, that it was our lives or them, a matter of survival. I told them I would tell the truth and couldn't get in trouble that way." The young soldier, letting his coffee turn cold kept rolling and unrolling a paper napkin. he spoke of reprisals. "The rumor now is that SDS wants the names of all the Guards who shot so they can make Wanted for Murder posters and kill us or members of our families." The agony of Kent State University lingered and then intensified that Spring afternoon. The shock, a bloodied hand pressed against a slab wall of Taylor Hall, a frenzied jig of student whipping a black flag into the blood of Jeffrey Miller, the crunch of glass underfoot in the parking lot, and the unceasing peal of the G-sharp bell fused in a scene both frightened and pathetic. Students refused to leave. They "assembled unlawfully" precisely as they had prior to the killing - only this time in rage and hatred. "Everything really turned ugly," said Dick Woods. "They were really out to crush us. I really wanted to hit one of those clowns. We started shouting and screaming." " I looked at my watch and it was 10 till one, and all the ambulances were gone, I couldn't believe it had all happened," said Ron Law. "They all stood there like nothing had happened," said Ellen Mann, "They were all sick." "There as tremendous hostility , tremendous anger. Absolutely unbelievable," said Dr. Seymour H. Baron, chairman of the Psychology Department, a professor who taught a 600 student lecture course. "The girls were crying. Some of the boys started crying. They told me they'd rather die right here, now, than in Vietnam. It terrified me. They were defiant as hell." Dr. Baron, a balding, bearded man, half ran from the students congregating on the hill across the barren no man's land of the commons to the line of Guards. "And I saw a captain and I said, 'Where is you commanding officer? And he pointed to the man in the suit. 'That's the General." Gen. Canterbury, wearing a single breasted dark brown suit suitable for the board of trustees of the Kiwanis Club in Columbus to which he belonged, again ordered students to disperse. He spoke softly. "I said, 'General , for Christ's sake. I beg of you. There is 'I don't want you to die' going to be a slaughter. Tell your men to put down their guns. For heavens sakes do something.'" "And the General said ' I've got to do my job. Take this man away' Those were his exact words." And Dr. Baron fear in his throat, returned to the students, now sitting on the grass, and he made a speech from a bullhorn. "You've got to survive I don't want you to die ! It won't help You're going to get a bullet in the belly if you stay." Glenn W. Frank, 43 a white haired, crewcut associate professor of Geology, who thought he had heard "ladyfinger firecrackers"" over a bowl of soup at the Student Union 30 minutes before, crossed no man's land. He pleased with Canterbury, now firmly in command, a General whom he would later overhear telephoning his superiors in Columbus, at the gym headquarters. "He was trying to get his orders rescinded," said Dr. Frank. At that chaotic moment on the Commons, though, Frank pleaded for time, Time. Time. Capt, Ron Snyder stood listening. He quoted the General "They're going to have to find out what law and order is all about." In the 35 minutes after the shooting, Maj. Donald Manly, of the Ohio Highway Patrol, had bolstered his force from 30 to 181. They stood in formation in their Smokey Bear hats gripping 22 inch long wooden clubs, their revolvers holstered. "Give us time to get them out, " Frank pleaded. "I'll give you five minutes," said the General "Take all the time you need," said Maj. Manly. And Frank, emotionally torn apart, now crying openly, raced back to the slope of "Blanket Hill" and he begged. "We've got to leave or we'll be slaughtered" he said. He believed it. Kent State University had ceased to function. It was closed. "Almost beyond reality they got up and started to leave." said Frank. He was so weak he could hardly walk. He couldn't see because of the tears in his eyes. Across the no man's land of the Commons a grass full of perhaps 40 years and 40 years, Guard Capt. William Reinhard, a Lutheran pastor from Cleveland tried to comfort a perplexed and overwrought young man with an M-1 rifle, a weapon of death. Reinhard spoke of Ecclesiastes. "A time to weep" he said "A time to mourn. This is the time." And the sound of the G-sharp faded. The victory bell again hung motionless. There was no victory. Dependable Service Since 90 Acme rentals & sales All Items on Display Hospital Beds Mattresses Bed Rails Patient Lifters Bed Tables Wheel Chairs Walkers Commode Chairs Crutches & Canes Exercising Equip PROMPT 24-HOUR DELIVERY SERVICE ANYWHERE Clean, Modern CALL US FOR MEDICARE NEEDS 380 S. MAPLE AT EXCHANGE CALL 535-3324 3 of 9 Wounded Still In Hospital KENT - Of the nine students wounded in the violent confrontation between National Guardsmen and students at Kent State University, three remain hospitalized. Dean Kahler, 20 , a freshman, remains "fair" in Robinson Memorial Hospital in Ravenna. he is the son of Mr. and Mrs. J.R. Kahler of 2555 Klotz av. NE, Canton. He is paralyzed from gunshot wounds in his chest and abdomen, his father says, and will be hospitalized indefinitely. Joseph Lewis, 18, a freshman in arts and sciences remains "fair" in Robinson. His parents Mr. and Mrs. Joseph J. Lewis of 8825 Colton St. NW, Massillon, say he had surgery last week ad a result of the abdominal wounds he suffered. They say he will be hospitalized indefinitely. Thomas Grace, 20 , a sophomore in art arts and sciences, is in a Syracuse, N.Y. hospital, where he is being treated for a serious foot wound. His parents., Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Grace of Syracuse, say they do not yet know if he will regain full use of the hoot. He will be hospitalized indefinitely. FOR A LIMITED TIME ONLY! Cut the price! The Watch You Want now 20% off With The Coupon Below PRICE OPEN A ZALES CUSTOM CHARGE. CONVENIENT TERMS AVAILABLE. Zahles Instant-Saving Coupon 20% off Save 20% off regular prices of our entire stock* of famous brand name watches. Nothing held back. 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